General & Basic Information
- Father of Indian Vegetable Science – Dr. B. Bose
- Father of Olericulture – W. R. Thompson
- National Research Centre for Vegetables (NRCV) – Varanasi (U.P.), now ICAR–IIVR
- ICAR–IIVR established in – 1999
- India ranks 2nd in the world after China in vegetable production.
- Major vegetable-producing states – Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Madhya Pradesh.
- India’s share in world vegetable production – around 14%.
- Leading vegetable crop in area – Potato.
- Leading vegetable crop in production – Potato.
- Major vegetable export destination – UAE and Bangladesh.
Botanical Names & Families
|
Common Name |
Botanical Name |
Family |
|
Tomato |
Solanum lycopersicum |
Solanaceae |
|
Brinjal |
Solanum melongena |
Solanaceae |
|
Chilli |
Capsicum annuum |
Solanaceae |
|
Potato |
Solanum tuberosum |
Solanaceae |
|
Onion |
Allium cepa |
Amaryllidaceae |
|
Garlic |
Allium sativum |
Amaryllidaceae |
|
Cabbage |
Brassica oleracea var. capitata |
Brassicaceae |
|
Cauliflower |
Brassica oleracea var. botrytis |
Brassicaceae |
|
Pea |
Pisum sativum |
Fabaceae |
|
Cowpea |
Vigna unguiculata |
Fabaceae |
|
Pumpkin |
Cucurbita moschata |
Cucurbitaceae |
|
Bottle gourd |
Lagenaria siceraria |
Cucurbitaceae |
|
Bitter gourd |
Momordica charantia |
Cucurbitaceae |
|
Sponge gourd |
Luffa cylindrica |
Cucurbitaceae |
|
Ridge gourd |
Luffa acutangula |
Cucurbitaceae |
|
Okra |
Abelmoschus esculentus |
Malvaceae |
|
Amaranth |
Amaranthus tricolor |
Amaranthaceae |
Important Chromosome Numbers
|
Crop |
2n |
|
Tomato |
24 |
|
Potato |
48 |
|
Brinjal |
24 |
|
Onion |
16 |
|
Cabbage |
18 |
|
Cauliflower |
18 |
|
Okra |
130 |
|
Pea |
14 |
|
Pumpkin |
40 |
|
Bitter gourd |
22 |
|
Ridge gourd |
26 |
Origin of Vegetable Crops
|
Crop |
Centre of Origin |
|
Tomato |
Peru–Ecuador region |
|
Potato |
South America |
|
Brinjal |
India |
|
Chilli |
South America |
|
Okra |
Africa |
|
Onion |
Central Asia |
|
Cabbage |
Mediterranean region |
|
Cauliflower |
Mediterranean region |
|
Pea |
Mediterranean region |
|
Cowpea |
Central Africa |
|
Bitter gourd |
India |
|
Bottle gourd |
India–Africa |
|
Cucumber |
India |
|
Garlic |
Central Asia |
Varieties & Hybrids
|
Crop |
Important Variety/Hybrid |
Developed by |
|
Tomato |
Pusa Ruby |
IARI, New Delhi |
|
Tomato |
Arka Rakshak (hybrid) |
IIHR, Bengaluru |
|
Brinjal |
Pusa Purple Long |
IARI |
|
Chilli |
Arka Harita |
IIHR |
|
Okra |
Parbhani Kranti |
MAU, Parbhani |
|
Okra |
Arka Anamika |
IIHR |
|
Potato |
Kufri Jyoti |
CPRI, Shimla |
|
Potato |
Kufri Pukhraj |
CPRI |
|
Onion |
Pusa Red |
IARI |
|
Cabbage |
Pusa Drumhead |
IARI |
|
Cauliflower |
Pusa Snowball K-1 |
IARI |
|
Pea |
Arkel |
IARI |
|
Cowpea |
Pusa Komal |
IARI |
|
Bitter gourd |
Pusa Vishesh |
IARI |
|
Bottle gourd |
Pusa Naveen |
IARI |
