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Horticulture
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UPCATET PG / M. Sc. Agriculture

Post-Green Revolution Era (1972–1990)

  • 1972 – Small Farmers Development Agency (SFDA) and Marginal Farmers and Agricultural Labourers Agency (MFALA) launched.
  • 1973 – Command Area Development Programme (CADP) started.
  • 1976 – National Dairy Development Board (NDDB) launched Operation Flood Phase II (White Revolution).
  • 1977 – Training & Visit (T&V) System of Agricultural Extension introduced (World Bank aided).
  • 1979 – National Agricultural Research Project (NARP) initiated by ICAR.
  • 1980 – National Agricultural Extension Project (NAEP) started.
  • 1982 – National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) established.
  • 1983 – Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) established across districts for on-farm testing and training.
  • 1985 – Technology Mission on Oilseeds (TMO) launched.
  • 1986 – National Wasteland Development Board (NWDB) set up.
  • 1989 – National Watershed Development Programme for Rainfed Areas (NWDPRA) initiated.

 

Economic Liberalization and Technological Era (1991–2000)

  • 1991 – New Economic Policy introduced; focus on agricultural exports and liberalization.
  • 1994 – Establishment of Agricultural Technology Information Centres (ATICs).
  • 1995 – National Agricultural Technology Project (NATP) launched (World Bank aided).
  • 1998 – Technology Mission on Cotton initiated.
  • 1999 – National Agricultural Policy Draft formulated; Kisan Credit Card (KCC) Scheme launched by NABARD.

 

Modern Agricultural Development Era (2001–2010)

  • 2001 – Agri-Clinics and Agri-Business Centres Scheme launched.
  • 2002 – National Horticulture Board (NHB) strengthened for horticultural growth.
  • 2004 – National Food Security Mission (NFSM) and Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY) conceptualized.
  • 2005 – National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) enacted (later MGNREGA).
  • 2006 – National Horticulture Mission (NHM) launched.
  • 2007 – National Policy for Farmers introduced (Dr. M.S. Swaminathan Committee).
  • 2008 – National Food Security Mission (NFSM) officially launched.
  • 2010 – Bringing Green Revolution to Eastern India (BGREI) programme initiated.

 

Contemporary Era (2011–Present)

  • 2012 – National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA) launched under the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC).
  • 2014 – Soil Health Card Scheme and Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY) launched.
  • 2015 – Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY) introduced.
  • 2016 – National Agriculture Market (e-NAM) launched to promote digital marketing of farm produce.
  • 2017 – Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture (MIDH) strengthened.
  • 2018 – Krishi Kalyan Abhiyan initiated to double farmers’ income by 2022.
  • 2019 – PM-Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN) scheme launched to provide direct income support to farmers.
  • 2020 – Agricultural reforms (Farm Acts) passed focusing on market liberalization (later repealed in 2021).
  • 2021 – National Mission on Edible Oils–Oil Palm (NMEO-OP) launched.
  • 2022 – International Year of Millets declared by the United Nations (on India’s proposal).
  • 2023 – Digital Agriculture Mission and promotion of Drone Technology in agriculture.
  • 2024–25 – Focus on Natural Farming, Carbon Credit Mechanisms, and Climate-Resilient Agriculture under Viksit Bharat 2047

 

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