About Lesson
Mango
- Powdery mildew – Oidium mangiferae (Fungus) Loss up to 30–90%
- Anthracnose – Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Fungus)
- Canker – Xanthomonas campestris pv. mangiferaeindicae (Bacteria)
- Rust – Cephaleuros mycoidea (Alga)
Banana
- Panama wilt – Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Fungus). Common in acidic soils
- Sigatoka leaf spot – Cercospora musae (Fungus)
- Bunchy top – Banana Bunchy Top Virus (BBTV). Transmitted by aphids
- Moko disease – Ralstonia solanacearum (Bacteria)
Citrus
- Gummosis – Phytophthora spp. (Fungus)
- Bacterial canker – Xanthomonas campestris pv. citri (Bacteria)
- Tristeza – Citrus Tristeza Virus (CTV). Detected using acid lime
- Greening – MLOs (Mycoplasma-like organisms). Transmitted by citrus psylla
Guava
- Guava canker – Pestalotiopsis psidii (Fungus)
- Guava wilt – Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. psidii (Fungus). Common in alkaline soil. Resistant variety: Allahabad Safeda
Grape
- Downy mildew – Plasmopara viticola (Fungus)
- Powdery mildew – Uncinula necator (Fungus)
- Pierce’s disease – Xylella fastidiosa (Bacteria) Use resistant rootstock (e.g., Temple)
Fig rust – Cerotelium fici (Fungus)
Pineapple; Wilt – Virus. Transmitted by mealybugs and lacewing insects
Papaya
- Damping off – Pythium aphanidermatum (Fungus)
- Ring spot – Papaya Ring Spot Virus (PRSV). Transmitted by aphids
- Leaf curl – Virus. Transmitted by whitefly
Apple
- Crown gall – Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Bacteria)
- Fire blight – Erwinia amylovora (Bacteria)
- Apple scab – Venturia inaequalis (Fungus). Up to 80% yield loss
Coconut
- Root wilt – MLOs. Transmitted by lace bug
- Basal end rot – Ganoderma lucidum (Fungus)
Arecanut
- Mahali/Koleroga – Phytophthora arecae (Fungus). Vector: spindle bug
- Bud rot/Anabe roga – Ganoderma lucidum (Fungus)
Coffee
- Leaf rust – Hemileia vastatrix (Fungus). Introduced from Sri Lanka. Resistant variety: Coffea liberica