Course Content
Unit 1 –
Agriculture significantly contributes to the national economy. Key principles of crop production focus on efficient soil, water, and nutrient management. The cultivation practices of rice, wheat, chickpea, pigeon-pea, sugarcane, groundnut, tomato, and mango are vital. Understanding major Indian soils, the role of NPK, and identifying their deficiency symptoms are essential for crop health. Fundamental biological concepts like cell structure, mitosis, meiosis, Mendelian genetics, photosynthesis, respiration, and transpiration are crucial for crop science. Biomolecules such as carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, enzymes, and vitamins play significant roles in plant metabolism. Effective management of major pests and diseases in rice, wheat, cotton, chickpea, and sugarcane is critical. Rural development programmes and the organizational setup for agricultural research, education, and extension support agricultural growth. Basic statistical tools, including measures of central tendency, dispersion, regression, correlation, probability, and sampling, aid in agricultural data analysis.
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Importance of Agriculture in national economy
00:00
Cultivation of Pigeonpea
Cultivation of Rice
00:00
Cultivation of Wheat
Major pests and diseases of: Rice and Wheat and there Management
00:00
Cultivation of Groundnut
00:00
Cultivation of Tomato
Cultivation of Mango
Cultivation of Chickpea
00:00
Important rural development programmes in India
00:00
Major soils of India
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Cultivation of Sugarcane
Structure and function of cell organelles
00:00
Role of NPK and their deficiency symptoms
00:00
Mitosis and meiosis
00:00
Mendelian genetics
00:00
Elementary knowledge of: Photosynthesis
00:00
Elementary knowledge of Respiration
00:00
Elementary knowledge of Transpiration
00:00
Structure and functions of Carbohydrates and Proteins
00:00
Structure and functions of: Nucleic acids, Enzymes and Vitamins
00:00
Major pests and diseases of: Cotton, Chickpea and Sugarcane and there Management
00:00
Unit 2
The theory of consumer behavior explains decision-making based on preferences and budget constraints. The theory of demand focuses on the relationship between price and quantity demanded, while elasticity of demand measures demand responsiveness to price changes. Indifference curve analysis shows combinations of goods yielding equal satisfaction, and the theory of the firm examines profit-maximizing production decisions. Cost curves represent production costs, and the theory of supply explores the relationship between price and quantity supplied. Price determination arises from supply and demand interactions, and market classification includes types like perfect competition and monopoly. Macroeconomics studies the economy as a whole, while money and banking analyze monetary systems and financial institutions. National income measures a country's total economic output, and agricultural marketing includes the role, practice, and institutions involved in distribution, along with crop insurance, credit, and cooperatives. Capital formation, agrarian reforms, globalization, and WTO impact Indian agriculture by influencing credit access, investments, and global trade policies.
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Theory of Consumer Behaviour
00:00
Theory of Demand
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Elasticity of Demand
00:00
Indifference Curve Analysis
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Theory of Firm
00:00
Cost Curves
00:00
Theory of Supply
00:00
Price Determination
00:00
Market Classification
00:00
Concept of Macroeconomics
00:00
Money and Banking
00:00
National Income
00:00
Agricultural Marketing Role Practice Institutions Problems and Reforms
00:00
Role of Capital and Credit in Agriculture
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Crop Insurance
00:00
Credit Institutions
00:00
Cooperatives
00:00
Capital Formation in Agriculture
00:00
Agrarian Reforms
00:00
Globalization
00:00
WTO & Its Impact on Indian Agriculture
00:00
Unit 3
Farm management involves principles of farm planning, budgeting, and understanding farming systems. Agricultural production economics focuses on factor-product relationships, marginal costs, and revenues. Agricultural finance includes time value of money, credit classifications, and repayment plans. Credit analysis incorporates the 4R’s, 5C’s, and 7P’s, with a history of agricultural financing in India, led by commercial banks and regional rural banks. Higher financing agencies like RBI, NABARD, and World Bank play key roles in credit access, capital formation, and agrarian reforms in India.
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Basic Principles of Farm Management
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Concept of Farming System and Economics of Farming Systems
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Agricultural Production Economics: Scope and Analysis
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Factor-Product Relationship
00:00
Marginal Cost and Marginal Revenue
00:00
Farm Planning and Budgeting
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Agricultural Finance Nature and Scope
00:00
Time Value of Money, Compounding and Discounting
00:00
Agricultural Credit: Meaning, Definition, Need, and Classification
00:00
Credit Analysis: 4R’s, 5C’s, and 7 P’s of Credit
00:00
Repayment Plans
00:00
History of Financing Agriculture in India
00:00
Commercial Banks and Nationalization of Commercial Banks
00:00
Lead Bank Scheme and Regional Rural Banks
00:00
Scale of Finance
00:00
Higher Financing Agencies: RBI, NABARD, AFC, Asian Development Bank, World Bank
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Role of Capital and Credit in Agriculture
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Credit Institutions, Cooperatives.
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Agrarian Reforms in India
00:00
Unit 4
Extension education focuses on the principles, scope, and importance of agricultural extension programs. It includes planning, evaluation, and models of organizing extension services, with a historical development in the USA, Japan, and India. Rural development addresses key issues and programs from pre-independence to present times. It involves understanding rural sociology, social change, and leadership, while promoting educational psychology and personality development in agricultural extension. The Indian rural system emphasizes community values, structure, and adult education.
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Extension Education: Concept, meaning, principles, philosophy, scope, and importance.
00:00
Extension Programme Planning and Evaluation: Steps, principles, and models of organizing agricultural extension.
00:00
Historical Development: Extension in the USA, Japan, and India
00:00
Rural Development: Meaning, importance, problems, and rural development programmes in India from the pre-independence era to recent times
00:00
Extension Teaching Methods
Definition and concept of sociology, differences between rural & urban communities
00:00
Social stratification, social groups, social organization, and social change.
Rural Leadership
00:00
Educational psychology
Teaching and Learning
Role of Personality in Agricultural Extension in the Indian Rural System – Its Characteristics
Social Stratification
Social Group
Adult Education
Unit 5
Communication involves principles, concepts, processes, elements, and barriers in teaching methods, with various communication methods and media, including AV aids. Media mix and campaigns, along with cyber extension tools like internet, cybercafés, Kisan Call Centers, and teleconferencing, play a key role. Agriculture journalism focuses on the diffusion and adoption of innovations through adopter categories. Capacity building of extension personnel and farmers is essential, with training for farmers, women, and rural youth. Effective communication and extension methods are crucial for agricultural development.
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Communication, Principles, Concepts, Process, Elements and Barriers in teaching methods.
Models of Communication
Element of Communication
Method of Communication
Farm Publication (Mass Communication Method in Extension Education) 1
Farm Publication (Mass Communication Method in Extension Education) 2
Diffusion, and adoption of innovations with adopter categories
00:00
Media mix
Campaign
Cyberspace and Cyber extension
Internet
Kisan Call Centers (KCC)
Teleconferencing
Topic Wise Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQs)
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Communication 1
00:10:00
Practice Set for JRF
JRF Social Science (ICAR)
Important rural development programmes in India

Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA)

  • Launch Year: 2005
  • Objective: To provide 100 days of guaranteed wage employment to rural households, aiming to enhance livelihood security.
  • Key Focus: Rural infrastructure development, poverty alleviation, and employment generation.
  • Details: The act mandates that every rural household is entitled to 100 days of employment each financial year. It is the largest work guarantee scheme in the world, which focuses on projects like water conservation, drought proofing, afforestation, and rural infrastructure.

 

Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana – Gramin (PMAY-G)

  • Launch Year: 2016
  • Objective: To provide affordable housing for the rural poor by constructing pucca houses with basic amenities.
  • Key Focus: Housing for all, poverty reduction, and rural development.
  • Details: The scheme aims to provide a house to every rural poor family by 2022 under the vision of “Housing for All.” Financial assistance is provided to eligible beneficiaries for the construction of houses.

 

National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM) / Aajeevika

  • Launch Year: 2011
  • Objective: To reduce poverty by promoting sustainable livelihood opportunities for the rural poor through social mobilization and capacity building.
  • Key Focus: Formation of Self-Help Groups (SHGs) and promoting rural entrepreneurship.
  • Details: NRLM focuses on improving the social and economic well-being of the rural poor, particularly women, by providing skill development, financial inclusion, and capacity building.

 

Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY)

  • Launch Year: 2000
  • Objective: To provide all-weather road connectivity to rural areas.
  • Key Focus: Infrastructure development, rural connectivity.
  • Details: This program focuses on the construction of rural roads to connect remote villages with the nearest towns, enhancing economic growth, accessibility, and communication.

 

Swachh Bharat Mission – Gramin (SBM-G)

  • Launch Year: 2014
  • Objective: To eliminate open defecation by constructing toilets and promoting hygiene and sanitation in rural areas.
  • Key Focus: Cleanliness, sanitation, and public health.
  • Details: SBM-G focuses on rural sanitation, aiming for a clean India by 2022 by promoting toilet construction and waste management in rural households.

 

Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY)

  • Launch Year: 2007
  • Objective: To increase investment in the agriculture sector and improve agricultural productivity.
  • Key Focus: Agricultural development, infrastructure improvement, and farmer welfare.
  • Details: The scheme promotes integrated development in agriculture and allied sectors, enhancing the productivity of crops and improving farmers’ livelihoods.

 

Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN)

  • Launch Year: 2019
  • Objective: To provide direct income support to farmers in rural areas.
  • Key Focus: Financial support to farmers.
  • Details: Under PM-KISAN, farmers receive ₹6,000 annually in three installments directly to their bank accounts to supplement their income.

 

Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana (DDU-GKY)

  • Launch Year: 2014
  • Objective: To provide skill development and placement opportunities for rural youth.
  • Key Focus: Skill development, employment generation.
  • Details: DDU-GKY is aimed at training rural youth for employable skills and enhancing their income-generating capacity, focusing on poverty reduction.

 

National Social Assistance Programme (NSAP)

  • Launch Year: 1995
  • Objective: To provide social security to the elderly, disabled, and women-headed households in rural areas.
  • Key Focus: Financial assistance to vulnerable sections.
  • Details: The program provides a pension to elderly individuals, widows, and disabled persons to ensure basic financial support.

 

Integrated Rural Development Programme (IRDP)

  • Launch Year: 1978
  • Objective: To provide assistance to rural poor for their economic upliftment through small-scale enterprises.
  • Key Focus: Employment creation and poverty alleviation.
  • Details: IRDP was designed to assist rural households by providing them with the necessary resources to start their own businesses and improve their economic condition.

 

Jawahar Rozgar Yojana (JRY)

  • Launch Year: 1989
  • Objective: To provide employment opportunities to the rural unemployed and underemployed by creating public assets.
  • Key Focus: Rural employment and infrastructure development.
  • Details: The program aimed at creating public assets and infrastructure in rural areas while simultaneously providing employment to rural workers.

 

Bharat Nirman

  • Launch Year: 2005
  • Objective: To improve rural infrastructure focusing on irrigation, rural electrification, housing, and road development.
  • Key Focus: Rural infrastructure development.
  • Details: Bharat Nirman aimed to increase the availability of essential infrastructure in rural India by promoting schemes in irrigation, rural housing, and connectivity.

 

Swarna Jayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY)

  • Launch Year: 1999
  • Objective: To promote self-employment in rural areas by providing financial assistance and training.
  • Key Focus: Rural entrepreneurship and economic empowerment.
  • Details: The program focuses on providing financial assistance and skill development to rural individuals and groups for income-generating activities.

 

Aadhaar-linked Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) in Rural Areas

  • Launch Year: 2013
  • Objective: To ensure that rural beneficiaries receive government subsidies and services directly into their bank accounts through Aadhaar-based identification.
  • Key Focus: Financial inclusion and transparency.
  • Details: This initiative ensures that subsidies reach the beneficiaries directly, eliminating middlemen and ensuring transparency and efficiency.

 

Rural Infrastructure Development Fund (RIDF)

  • Launch Year: 1995
  • Objective: To promote rural infrastructure by providing financial assistance for various infrastructure projects.
  • Key Focus: Infrastructure development, including roads, irrigation, and drinking water facilities.
  • Details: RIDF focuses on funding rural infrastructure projects through the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD).

 

National Rural Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP)

  • Launch Year: 2009
  • Objective: To provide safe and adequate drinking water to rural areas.
  • Key Focus: Safe drinking water, public health, and rural development.
  • Details: NRDWP focuses on providing clean drinking water to rural households, improving water quality and ensuring sustainable water supply.

 

Shyama Prasad Mukherji Rurban Mission

  • Launch Year: 2016
  • Objective: To develop rural areas by providing them urban-like amenities.
  • Key Focus: Economic development and infrastructure improvements.
  • Details: This scheme aims to bridge the gap between rural and urban areas by developing rural growth clusters with essential urban services like better healthcare, education, and roads.

 

Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Rural Industrialization (MGIRI)

  • Launch Year: 2001
  • Objective: To promote rural industrialization through sustainable technologies and practices.
  • Key Focus: Rural industrialization, employment generation.
  • Details: MGIRI focuses on fostering rural industrialization by promoting research, development, and training in rural technologies and entrepreneurship.

 

Scheme for Financial Assistance to Rural Areas (SFARA)

  • Launch Year: Various schemes under SFARA have been launched over time, with financial aid for rural development projects.
  • Objective: To provide financial assistance for rural infrastructure and developmental activities.
  • Key Focus: Economic upliftment and rural infrastructure.
  • Details: SFARA offers financial support for building rural infrastructure, improving educational and healthcare facilities, and promoting sustainable agricultural practices.

 

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