Training in HRD and Human Resource Management

• Human Resource Development (HRD)

Origin of the Term

• First applied in 1968 at George Washington University.
• Used in 1969 at the Miami Conference of the American Society of Training and Development (ASTD).

Definitions

• Rao: HRD is a process in which employees of an organization are continuously helped in a planned manner to acquire and sharpen capabilities required to perform various functions.
• Nadler: HRD is a planned and continuous effort by management to improve employee capacity levels and organizational performance through training, education, and development programmes.

• Training in HRD

Definition

• Lynton & Pareek: “Training is the process by which the desire, knowledge, attitude, skill and ideas are inculcated, fostered, and reinforced in an organism.”

Characteristics of Training

• Learner-oriented
• Job-oriented
• Need-oriented
• Done for immediate application
• An overt process
• Systematic, learning and communicating process
• Ideal number of trainees: 25 persons

Functions of Training

Training is a function of:

1. Knowledge
2. Skill
3. Attitude
4. Conduct
5. Personality traits
6. Empathy
7. Experience
8. Self-development

• Concept of Human Resource Management (HRM)

Definition

• HRM is the strategic approach to managing people in an organization so they contribute effectively and productively to achieving organizational goals.
• Focus: Acquisition, Development, Motivation, and Retention of human resources.

Objectives of HRM

1. Ensure the right person at the right job.
2. Develop the potential of employees.
3. Create a motivated and satisfied workforce.
4. Improve organizational efficiency.
5. Promote healthy employer–employee relations.

Functions of HRM

• Managerial: Planning, Organizing, Staffing, Directing, Controlling.
• Operative: Recruitment, Training & Development, Performance Appraisal, Compensation, Employee Welfare, Industrial Relations.

• Training and Development of Human Resources
• Training: Short-term process focused on developing knowledge, skills, and attitudes for present job performance.
• Development: Long-term, continuous process aimed at overall growth and future roles.

Difference between Training and Development

In summary:

• HRD develops employee capabilities through training and education.
• Training is immediate, job-specific, and skill-based.
• Development is long-term, future-oriented, and personality-enhancing.
• Together, they are central to HRM, which ensures effective utilization of human resources.