Preparation of Radio/Video Script; Radio and video are projected audio-visual aids used widely in agriculture extension to reach large numbers of farmers, especially in remote areas. Preparing a proper script is crucial to effectively communicate the message.

✍️ A. Steps in Script Preparation (for Radio/Video)

1. Planning the Script

• Define the objective: What is the key message?
• Know your audience: Farmers, youth, homemakers, etc.
• Choose appropriate content: Relevant, simple, and action-oriented.
• Decide on format: Talk, drama, interview, panel discussion, documentary, demonstration, etc.

2. Writing the Script

• Divide into segments: Introduction, body, conclusion.
• Use conversational and simple language.
• Use short sentences and familiar words.
• For radio: Focus on audio impact (tone, clarity, emphasis).
• For video: Synchronize audio with visuals.

3. Technical Aspects

• Time duration: Usually 3 to 10 minutes for extension messages.
• Cue in/cue out instructions
• Instructions for voice modulation, pauses, sound effects (SFX), or visuals.

1. Formats of Radio/Video Programs

• Talk/Lecture – by experts
• Interview – question-answer style
• Group Discussion – multiple stakeholders
• Radio Drama – storytelling method
• Feature – documentary with narration
• Demonstration Video – step-by-step guide for practices (e.g., drip irrigation)

Tips for Effective Script Writing

• Focus on “one message at a time”
• Begin with an attention-grabbing introduction
• Provide practical examples or success stories
• Include a call to action
• End with a summary or motivational message

Principles of Photography and Its Use in Extension

Photography is a powerful visual communication tool in agricultural extension used to educate, motivate, and demonstrate.

Basic Principles of Photography

1. Composition

• Rule of thirds
• Balance and symmetry
• Framing (natural or artificial frames)

2. Lighting

• Use natural light whenever possible
• Avoid backlighting (light should come from behind the camera)
• Use diffused light to avoid harsh shadows

3. Focus and Sharpness

• Keep the subject in clear focus
• Use appropriate aperture and shutter speed

4. Background; Keep it simple and non-distracting

5. Subject Positioning; Place the subject at eye level. Avoid placing the subject in the dead center (use the rule of thirds)

• Use of Photography in Agricultural Extension

📍 Applications:

1. Documentation of Best Practices (e.g., SRI method, composting)
2. Visual Demonstration Tools in training, campaigns, and Kisan Melas
3. Before-and-after images for impact assessment
4. Creating Posters, Leaflets, and Newsletters
5. Field Visit and Exposure Tour Coverage
6. Success Stories of Progressive Farmers
7. Evidence for Monitoring and Evaluation