ICAR JRF Plant Science Practice Series Memory Based 2023 Shift 1st  (Module 1) (81 – 120 MCQ) 

 

Objective Question 81

One of the most important considerations during the maintenance and production of Breeder’s seed in an open-pollinated variety (OPV) is the –

1. Number of plants/ears to be used to represent the OPV
2. Number of fertile plants per plot
3. Number of seedless plants per plot
4. Number of weed plants per plot

Correct Option: 1

Explanation: Maintaining genetic variability and representativeness of OPV requires selecting an adequate number of plants/ears.

 

 

Objective Question 82

The breeding method usually used to produce the nucleus seeds of a variety of cereal crops is –

1. Ear-to-row method
2. Backcross method
3. Apomixis
4. Advanced-backcross method

Correct Option: 1

Explanation: Ear-to-row method helps in maintaining genetic purity and identifying superior lines for nucleus seed production.

 

 

Objective Question 83

Replacing old seeds with new ones is important in maintaining or enhancing the production of a crop. Usually, the higher the seed replacement rate, the better the production. In the case of a hybrid of a crop, the seed replacement rate is –

1. 25%
2. 50%
3. 75%
4. 100%

Correct Option: 4

Explanation: Hybrid seeds lose vigor in next generation, so farmers must use fresh hybrid seed every season → 100% replacement.

 

 

Objective Question 84

During hybrid seed production, detasseling is done to avoid self- pollination. In which of the following crops, detasselssing is done during hybrid seed production?

1. Grain sorghum
2. Pearl millet
3. Maize
4. Wild rice

Correct Option: 3

Explanation: In maize, male flowers (tassels) are removed to prevent self-pollination and ensure cross-pollination for hybrid seed production.

 

 

Objective Question 85

Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A): Cytokinins delay leaf senescence in plants.
Reason (R): Cytokinins promote protein synthesis and maintain chlorophyll content in leaves.

In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
2. Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A)
3. (A) is true but (R) is false
4. (A) is false but (R) is true

A1: 1
A2: 2
A3: 3
A4: 4

Answer: A1: 1

Explanation: Cytokinins are known to delay senescence (aging) in leaves by promoting protein synthesis and preventing chlorophyll degradation. This helps maintain leaf functionality for a longer time, so the reason correctly explains the assertion.

 

Objective Question 86

The plant pigment, which is associated with the photoperiodism in plants is –

1. Chlorophyll
2. Lycophyll
3. Xanthophyll
4. Phytochrome

Correct Option: 4

Explanation: Phytochrome is a light-sensitive pigment that regulates photoperiodism (flowering response to day length).

 

 

Objective Question 87

Which of the following is the primary site of photosynthesis in plant cells?

1. Mitochondria
2. Chloroplast
3. Nucleus
4. Ribosome

A1: 1
A2: 2
A3: 3
A4: 4

Answer: A2: 2

Explanation: Chloroplasts are the organelles where photosynthesis occurs. They contain chlorophyll pigments that capture light energy and convert it into chemical energy during photosynthesis.

 

 

Objective Question 88

Given below are the statements about the pollination behavior of crop plants. Find out the cluster of the most appropriate statements
(A) Dicliny and dichogamy favors self-pollination
(B) Maize crop is protandry in nature
(C) Protandry and protogyny favors cross-pollination
(D) Pearl millet is protogyny in nature
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

1. (A), (B) and (C) only.
2. (A), (B) and (D) only.
3. (A), (C) and (D) only.
4. (B), (C) and (D) only.

Correct Option: 4

Explanation:

• Dicliny & dichogamy promote cross-pollination, not self 
• Maize is protandrous 
• Protandry/protogyny favor crossing 
• Pearl millet is protogynous 

 

 

Objective Question 89

Given below is a set of statements about ‘Field counts’ conducted during the inspection of the seed production field. Select the group of the most appropriate statements –
(A) It is necessary to take a minimum of 5 counts for up to 2 ha seed production field and one additional count for every additional area of 2 ha or part there.
(B) For a seed production area of 6 to 8 ha, the minimum number of counts to be made is 8.
(C) Number of plants or heads per count in sunflowers is 1100.
(D) Number of plants or heads per count in soybean is 1000.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

1. (A), (B) and (C) only.
2. (A), (B) and (D) only.
3. (A), (C) and (D) only.
4. (B), (C) and (D) only.

Correct Option: 1

Explanation: Standard field inspection requires adequate sampling counts and specific plant counts depending on crop (e.g., sunflower ≈1100). Soybean value given is incorrect.

 

 

Objective Question 90

The considerations that prompted the development of the Plant Breeder’s Rights (PBR) system in India include –
(A) The development of a crop variety is an innovation and it is an intellectual property, which should be protected.
(B) It encourages plant breeders by providing economic incentives.
(C) In encourages the private sector to invest in plant breeding activities.
(D) Plant varieties are not absolutely stable and hence need protection.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

1. (A), (B) and (C) only.
2. (A), (B) and (D) only.
3. (A), (C) and (D) only.
4. (B), (C) and (D) only.

Correct Option: 1

Explanation: PBR protects intellectual property of breeders, provides economic incentives, and encourages private investment. Statement (D) is not a valid reason.

 

 

Objective Question 91

Match List-I with List-II
List-I (Name of the machine or components in a seed processing unit)
(A) Electric color sorter
(B) Inclined draper
(C) Pneumatic separator
(D) Disc separator

List-II (Type of operation it does)
(I) Separate heavy seeds from lightweight materials or chaffy grains
(II) Separates off-colored seeds
(III) Size grade of seeds for precision planting
(IV) Separation of smooth or round seeds from rough, flat, or elongated seeds

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. (A)- (II), (B)- (I), (C)- (III), (D)- (IV)
2. (A)- (I), (B)- (II), (C)- (IV), (D)- (III)
3. (A)- (II), (B)- (IV), (C)- (I), (D)- (III)
4. (A)- (III), (B)- (IV), (C)- (I), (D)- (II)

Correct Option: 1

Explanation:

• Color sorter → removes discolored seeds
• Inclined draper → separates heavier seeds
• Pneumatic separator → air-based separation
• Disc separator → shape/size-based separation

 

 

Objective Question 92

Match List-I with List-II
List-I (Name of International Organization) List-II (Headquarters is located in)
(A) UNO          (I) Rome, Italy
(B) IMF            (II) Geneva, Switzerland
(C) WTO          (III) New York, USA
(D) FAO          (IV) Washington DC, USA

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

1. (A)- (I), (B)- (III), (C)- (II), (D)- (IV)
2. (A)- (III), (B)- (IV), (C)- (II), (D)- (I)
3. (A)- (I), (B)- (II), (C)- (IV), (D)- (III)
4. (A)- (III), (B)- (IV), (C)- (I), (D)- (II)

Correct Option: 2

Explanation:

• UNO → New York
• IMF → Washington DC
• WTO → Geneva
• FAO → Rome

 

 

Objective Question 93

Match List-I with List-II          
List-I (Name of crop diseases)      List-II (Name of the crops) 
(A) Tikka disease                          (I) Rice
(B) Stripe rust                                (II) Pigeonpea
(C) Neck blast                               (III) Wheat
(D) Fusarium wilt                          (IV) Groundnut

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

1. (A)- (IV), (B)- (III), (C)- (II), (D)- (I)
2. (A)- (IV), (B)- (I), (C)- (III), (D)- (II)
3. (A)- (IV), (B)- (I), (C)- (II), (D)- (III)
4. (A)- (IV), (B)- (III), (C)- (I), (D)- (II)

Correct Option: 4

Explanation:

• Tikka disease → Groundnut
• Stripe rust → Wheat
• Neck blast → Rice
• Fusarium wilt → Pigeonpea

 

Objective Question 94

Match List-I with List-II
List-I (Chemical)                                         List-II (Seed related tests)
(A) GA₃                                                       (I) Seed viability
(B) Thiourea                                               (II) Seed germination
(C) 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride      (III) Seed longevity
(D) Calcium chloride                                (IV) Seed dormancy

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

1. (A)- (II), (B)- (IV), (C)- (III), (D)- (I)
2. (A)- (II), (B)- (I), (C)- (IV), (D)- (III)
3. (A)- (II), (B)- (IV), (C)- (I), (D)- (III)
4. (A)- (III), (B)- (IV), (C)- (I), (D)- (III)

Correct Option: 3

Explanation:

• GA₃ → promotes seed germination
• Thiourea → breaks seed dormancy
• TTC → used for seed viability test
• CaCl₂ → used in seed storage (longevity)

 

Objective Question 95

In India, the release of a new crop variety consists of the following four major steps. Arrange the steps in sequence from the start to the last.
(A) Identification of the superior strains in the Annual Workshop of the specific crop
(B) Development of an improved strain of a particular crop
(C) Evaluation of the improved strain in multilocation trial
(D) Release and notification of the crop variety by the variety release committee

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

1. (B), (A), (C), (D).
2. (B), (C), (A), (D).
3. (B), (A), (D), (C).
4. (C), (B), (D), (A).

Correct Option: 2

Explanation: Development of a new variety begins with breeding and selection, followed by multilocation trials to test performance under different environments. After consistent superiority, it is identified in annual workshops, and finally released and notified officially. This sequence ensures stability, adaptability, and superiority before release.

 

 

Objective Question 96

Like in animals, in plants also, the embryo develops in a phased manner that happens in sequential order. Below is a list of various stages of embryogenesis in a model dicot plant (Capsella bursa-pastoris). Arrange them sequentially in the proper order of development.
(A) Globular stage
(B) Torpedo stage
(C) Heart stage
(D) Pro- embryo stage

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

1. (D), (A), (C), (B),
2. (D), (B), (C), (A),
3. (B), (A), (D), (C),
4. (C), (B), (D), (A),

Correct Option: 1

Explanation: Embryo development in dicots follows a clear morphological progression: pro-embryo stage (initial cell divisions) → globular stage (spherical structure) → heart stage (cotyledon initiation) → torpedo stage (elongation and differentiation), indicating gradual tissue specialization.

 

 

Objective Question 97

Seed and fruit development in plants takes place step- by- step. Arrange the following steps in sequential order of development starting from the earliest to the latest one –
(A) Fertilized ovule develops into the seed
(B) Pollen lands on the stigma and grows a pollen tube down through the style to the ovary
(C) The ovary develops into fruit
(D) The nucleus of the pollen grain travels down the pollen tube and fertilizes the nucleus in the ovule

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

1. (D),(B),(A),(C).
2. (A),(B),(D),(C).
3. (B),(A),(D),(C).
4. (B),(D),(A),(C).

Correct Option: 4

Explanation: The sequence begins with pollination (pollen landing and tube growth), followed by fertilization (fusion of gametes). After fertilization, the ovule develops into seed, and the ovary matures into fruit, completing reproductive development.

 

 

Objective Question 98

Given below are two statements :
Statement (I): Mature corn seed is exalbuminous.
Statement (II): A full- grown corn embryo contains a single cotyledon within it.

In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.

1. Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are true.
2. Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are false.
3. Statement (I) is true but Statement (II) is false.
4. Statement (I) is false but Statement (II) is true.

Correct Option: 4

Explanation:
Maize seeds are albuminous, meaning they retain endosperm for nourishment, so Statement (I) is false. Being a monocot, maize embryo has one cotyledon (scutellum), making Statement (II) true.

 

 

Objective Question 99

Given below are two statements, one is labeled as Assertion (A) and the other one is labeled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): The seeds of wild- type soybean (Glycine soja) lives longer than the seeds of cultivated type (G. max L.)
Reason (R): The wild- type soybean seeds are small, black, and have an impermeable seed coat with low oil content, enhancing longevity.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below.

1. Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
2. Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A).
3. (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.
4. (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

Correct Option: 1

Explanation: Wild soybean seeds have hard, impermeable seed coats and lower oil content, which reduces respiration and deterioration, thereby increasing longevity. These structural and biochemical traits directly explain why wild types survive longer.

 

 

Objective Question 100

Given below are two statements:
Statement (I): Erect and flat flag leaves interrupt pollen dispersal leading to poor seed set in rice hybrid seed production.
Statement (II): Flag leafless male sterile lines increase hybrid seed yield.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below.

1. Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are correct.
2. Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are incorrect.
3. Statement (I) is correct but Statement (II) is incorrect.
4. Statement (I) is incorrect but Statement (II) is correct.

Correct Option: 1

Explanation: Flag leaves in rice can physically obstruct pollen movement, reducing effective pollination. Removing or reducing flag leaves in male sterile lines improves pollen dispersal and fertilization efficiency, thus increasing hybrid seed yield

 

Objective Question 101

Which of the following is the scientific name of a major fiber crop cultivated in India ?

1. Gossypium hirsutum
2. Corchorus olitorius
3. Cannabis sativa
4. Linum usitatissimum

Correct Option: 2

Explanation: Corchorus olitorius is jute, a major fiber crop in India. Others include cotton, hemp, and flax.

 

 

Objective Question 102

Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) are agricultural training centers that provide technological support and guidance to farmers at the grassroots level.
Reason (R): KVKs are established by ICAR to disseminate agricultural technologies through demonstrations and training.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below.

1. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
2. Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A).
3. (A) is true but (R) is false.
4. (A) is false but (R) is true.

Correct Option: 1

Explanation:KVKs are established by ICAR as frontline agricultural extension centers. They provide training, demonstrations, and advisory services to farmers, helping in the transfer of improved technologies to the field level.

 

 

Objective Question 102

Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A): Cell division is essential for growth and development in plants.
Reason (R): New cells are formed by mitosis, which increases cell number.

In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
2. Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A)
3. (A) is true but (R) is false
4. (A) is false but (R) is true

A1: 1
A2: 2
A3: 3
A4: 4

Answer: A1: 1

Explanation: Plant growth depends on mitotic cell division, which increases the number of cells. This continuous division allows tissue formation, growth, and development, explaining the assertion.

 

Objective Question 103

Which of the following is the primary function of roots in plants?

1. Photosynthesis
2. Absorption of water and minerals
3. Reproduction
4. Transpiration

A1: 1
A2: 2
A3: 3
A4: 4

Answer: A2: 2

Explanation:Roots primarily absorb water and mineral nutrients from the soil and also provide anchorage. Specialized structures like root hairs increase the surface area for efficient absorption

 

 

Objective Question 104

Given below are two statements:

Statement (I): Chlorophyll is responsible for the green color of plants.
Statement (II): Chlorophyll absorbs light mainly in the green region of the spectrum.

In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

1. Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are true
2. Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are false
3. Statement (I) is true but Statement (II) is false
4. Statement (I) is false but Statement (II) is true

A1: 1
A2: 2
A3: 3
A4: 4

Answer: A3: 3

Explanation: Chlorophyll gives plants their green color, but it reflects green light and absorbs mainly red and blue wavelengths.

 

 

Objective Question 105

Which of the following is a major component of the cell wall in plants?

1. Protein
2. Cellulose
3. Lipid
4. Starch

A1: 1
A2: 2
A3: 3
A4: 4

Answer: A2: 2

Explanation: Plant cell walls are mainly composed of cellulose, which provides structural strength and rigidity.

 

Objective Question 106

Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A): Water moves from soil into plant roots by osmosis.
Reason (R): Osmosis occurs from a region of higher water potential to lower water potential.

Choose the correct answer:

1. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
2. Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A)
3. (A) is true but (R) is false
4. (A) is false but (R) is true

A1: 1
A2: 2
A3: 3
A4: 4

Answer: A1: 1

Explanation: Water enters root cells by osmosis, moving from regions of higher water potential (soil) to lower water potential (root cells). This process drives initial water uptake in plants and supports further transport.

 

 

Objective Question 107

Which of the following is the main function of ribosomes in a cell?

1. Energy production
2. Protein synthesis
3. Lipid synthesis
4. DNA replication

A1: 1
A2: 2
A3: 3
A4: 4
Answer: A2: 2

Explanation:Ribosomes are the cellular structures where translation of mRNA into proteins takes place. They read the genetic code carried by mRNA and assemble amino acids into a polypeptide chain, making them essential for protein synthesis in all living cells.

 

 

Objective Question 108

Given below are two statements:

Statement (I): Starch is the primary storage carbohydrate in plants.
Statement (II): Glycogen is the primary storage carbohydrate in plants.

Choose the correct answer:

1. Both Statement (I) and (II) are true
2. Both Statement (I) and (II) are false
3. Statement (I) is true but Statement (II) is false
4. Statement (I) is false but Statement (II) is true

A1: 1
A2: 2
A3: 3
A4: 4

Answer: A3: 3

Explanation:Plants store carbohydrates mainly in the form of starch, which is a polymer of glucose. In contrast, glycogen is the storage carbohydrate in animals and fungi. Therefore, Statement (I) is correct while Statement (II) is incorrect.

 

 

Objective Question 109

Which of the following process is responsible for the loss of water in liquid form from plant leaves?

1. Transpiration
2. Guttation
3. Diffusion
4. Respiration

A1: 1
A2: 2
A3: 3
A4: 4
Answer: A2: 2

Explanation: Guttation is the process by which water is lost in liquid form through specialized structures called hydathodes, usually at leaf margins. This occurs when root pressure is high and transpiration is low, whereas transpiration involves water loss in vapor form

 

 

Objective Question 110

Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): Genetic recombination is an important mechanism of increasing genetic diversity in sexually reproducing organisms.
Reason (R): Genetic recombination occurs during meiosis when homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material through crossing over, resulting in new combinations of alleles in the gametes.

In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.

1. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
2. Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A).
3. (A) is true but (R) is false.
4. (A) is false but (R) is true.

Correct Option: 1

Explanation: Genetic recombination occurs during meiosis through crossing over between homologous chromosomes, producing new combinations of alleles. This increases genetic variability in offspring, which is crucial for adaptation and evolution, thus explaining the assertion.

 

 

Objective Question 111

Which one is NOT correct with respect to transpiration in plants?

1. Transpiration is the process by which water is lost from the leaves in the form of vapor.
2. It helps regulate temperature by cooling leaves.
3. It is influenced by humidity, temperature, and wind.
4. It plays a direct role in nutrient uptake.

Correct Option: 4

Explanation:  Transpiration results in water loss as vapor and cooling of plant surfaces, and it is influenced by environmental factors. It only indirectly aids nutrient uptake through transpiration pull, while actual nutrient absorption occurs via roots, making the incorrect statement clear

 

 

Objective Question 112

Which of the following is true regarding CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing in crops?

1. It inserts foreign genes
2. Only deletes genes
3. Allows precise targeted DNA modification
4. Not useful in crop improvement

Correct Option: 3

Explanation:CRISPR-Cas9 is a precise genome editing tool that can target specific DNA sequences and perform insertions, deletions, or modifications. This precision makes it highly useful for crop improvement and genetic research.

 

 

Objective Question 113

Choose the correct option for the chromosome number in ascending order in the following crops:
(A) Rice
(B) Pigeon pea
(C) Groundnut
(D) Wheat

1. (A), (D), (C) and (B)
2. (A), (B), (C) and (D)
3. (B), (A), (C) and (D)
4. (B), (A), (D) and (C)

Correct Option: 2

Explanation: The chromosome numbers are: Rice (2n=24), Pigeonpea (2n=22), Groundnut (2n=40), Wheat (2n=42). Arranging them in ascending order based on chromosome number gives the correct sequence as per the option.

 

 

Objective Question 114

Which of the following is true about the start codon in the genetic code dictionary?

1. Same as stop codon
2. Codes for methionine
3. Codon is UAG
4. Codes for valine

Correct Option: 2

Explanation: The start codon AUG initiates protein synthesis and codes for the amino acid methionine. It signals the ribosome where translation begins on the mRNA strand.

 

 

Objective Question 115

Given below are two statements:

Statement (I): Light reactions produce ATP and NADPH.
Statement (II): ATP and NADPH are used to break down glucose in light-independent reactions.

In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

1. Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are true
2. Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are false
3. Statement (I) is true but Statement (II) is false
4. Statement (I) is false but Statement (II) is true

A1: 1
A2: 2
A3: 3
A4: 4

Correct Answer: A3: 3

Explanation: Statement (I) is correct because light reactions generate ATP and NADPH.
Statement (II) is incorrect because ATP and NADPH are used in the Calvin cycle to synthesize glucose, not to break it down (glucose breakdown occurs during respiration).

 

 

Objective Question 116

Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A): DNA replication is semi-conservative.
Reason (R): Each new DNA has one old and one new strand.

In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
2. Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A)
3. (A) is true but (R) is false
4. (A) is false but (R) is true

A1: 1
A2: 2
A3: 3
A4: 4

Correct Answer: A1: 1

Explanation: In semi-conservative DNA replication, the two parental strands separate, and each acts as a template for a new strand. Thus, each daughter DNA molecule contains one original (parental) strand and one newly synthesized strand, correctly explaining the assertion.

 

 

Objective Question 117

Which of the following molecular marker techniques is best for genome-wide variation?

1. RFLP
2. RAPD
3. AFLP
4. SNP

Correct Option: 4

Explanation: SNP markers are abundant, stable, and distributed throughout the genome, allowing high-resolution detection of genetic variation, making them ideal for genome-wide studies.

 

Objective Question 118

Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A): Photosynthesis is essential for maintaining oxygen balance in the atmosphere.
Reason (R): During photosynthesis, oxygen is released as a by-product of water splitting.

In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
2. Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A)
3. (A) is true but (R) is false
4. (A) is false but (R) is true

A1: 1
A2: 2
A3: 3
A4: 4

Answer: A1: 1

Explanation:Photosynthesis maintains atmospheric oxygen by continuously releasing O₂ during light reactions. This oxygen is produced through photolysis of water (splitting of H₂O molecules in the presence of light) in the thylakoid membranes. The released oxygen compensates for oxygen consumption during respiration and combustion, thus maintaining the global oxygen balance. Hence, the reason correctly explains the assertion.

 

Objective Question 119

Given below are two statements:

Statement (I): Potato is an important cash crop in India.
Statement (II): It is versatile, high-yielding, and adaptable.

In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

1. Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are true
2. Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are false
3. Statement (I) is true but Statement (II) is false
4. Statement (I) is false but Statement (II) is true

A1: 1
A2: 2
A3: 3
A4: 4

Correct Answer: A1: 1

Explanation: Potato is widely cultivated in India due to its high yield potential per unit area, making it economically profitable. It is also highly versatile, used as food (vegetable, chips, starch), feed, and industrial raw material. Additionally, it can grow in a wide range of agro-climatic conditions, which supports its status as an important cash crop.

 

 

Objective Question 120

Which of the following is the main function of chlorophyll in plants?

1. Absorption of light energy
2. Transport of water
3. Storage of food
4. Synthesis of proteins

A1: 1
A2: 2
A3: 3
A4: 4

Answer: A1: 1

Explanation:
Chlorophyll is the primary photosynthetic pigment located in the chloroplasts, especially in the thylakoid membranes. It absorbs light mainly in the blue and red regions of the spectrum, while reflecting green light (hence plants appear green). The absorbed light energy is used to excite electrons, initiating the light reactions of photosynthesis, which ultimately leads to the production of ATP and NADPH, essential for glucose synthesis.