Diseases of Animals
- Viral Diseases of Cattle
- Swine fever
- Pox
- Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) (Muhpaka-Khurpaka)
- Plague
- Newcastle (Ranikhet) – Poultry
- Leucosis
- Rinderpest
- Bronchitis
- Marek’s Disease – Poultry
- Fungal Diseases
- Bronchomycosis
- Ringworm
- Aflatoxicosis
- Brooder pneumonia
- Protozoan Diseases
- Coccidiosis
- Theileriosis
- Anaplasmosis
- Bacterial Diseases
- Anthrax (Bacillus anthracis)
- Black Quarter (BQ)
- Brucellosis
- Mastitis
- Pneumonia
- Tuberculosis (T.B.)
- Cholera
- Typhoid
Vaccination Programme of Cattle
Disease | Age of Vaccination | Type of Vaccine |
Rinderpest | 6–8 months | Rinderpest vaccine |
Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) | Periodic, all age groups | Polyvalent tissue culture vaccine |
Anthrax | 6–8 months (before rainy season) | Anthrax spore vaccine |
Black Quarter | After 3 weeks of age | 5 ml dose of BQ polyvalent vaccine |
Important Diseases of Poultry
- Bacterial Diseases; Fowl Cholera, Diarrhea
- Viral Diseases; Newcastle Disease (Ranikhet). Marek’s Disease
- Protozoan Diseases; Coccidiosis
Nutritional Deficiency Diseases in Poultry
- Vitamin A Deficiency → Nutritional Roup
- Vitamin D Deficiency → Rickets
Diseases of Sheep
- Anthrax – Caused by bacteria
- Stiff Lamb Disease – Caused by Vitamin E deficiency
Important Livestock Data
- India’s global livestock share: 15%
- India ranks 1st in:
- Milk production
- Buffalo population
- Wool and cattle production
Milk Composition and Facts
Parameter | Details |
Milk color in cows | Light yellow (due to Carotene) |
Milk color | White (due to Casein) |
SNF in cow milk | 8.5% |
Milk carbohydrate | Lactose (Glucose + Galactose) |
Protein in colostrum (cow/buffalo) | 17.8% / 21.4% |
Minerals & Lactose form | In solution |
Deficient in milk | Iron, Vitamin C |
Fat form in milk | Emulsion |
pH of fresh milk | 6.5 – 6.7 |
Boiling point of milk | 100.17°C |
Major protein | Casein (80%) |
Fat in double toned milk | 1.5% |
Let down of milk hormone | Oxytocin |
Most variable component | Fat |
General Livestock & Poultry Facts
- Broiler: Raised for meat
- Best broiler breed: Plymouth Rock
- Artificial vagina temp.: 42°C
- Indigestible protein: Elastin
- Undigested protein in skin: Collagen
- Water-soluble, heat-coagulable protein: Albumin
- Diseases communicable to humans: Anthrax
- Sulfur-containing vitamins: Thiamine, Biotin
- 1st IVF buffalo calf: Pratham
- 1st animal clone (sheep): Dolly
- Ruminant stomach chambers: 4 (3 in camel)
- Largest chamber: Rumen
- Light receptor pigment: Melanin
- Manganese deficiency in poultry: Perosis
- Hay storage safe if moisture <: 16%
- Zinc deficiency: Parakeratosis
- Pregnant cow doesn’t show heat: Due to Corpus luteum
