Centers of origin, distribution and wild relatives for different Oilseeds and Fiber crops
Oilseeds
|
Sr. No. |
Crop |
Botanical Name |
Centre of Origin |
Chromosome Number |
Distribution of Species |
Wild Relatives |
|
1 |
Groundnut |
Arachis hypogaea |
South America (Brazil, Bolivia) |
2n=40 |
India, China, Nigeria, USA, Sudan |
A. monticola, A. duranensis |
|
2 |
Sesame |
Sesamum indicum |
Africa (Ethiopia) |
2n=26 |
India, China, Myanmar, Sudan, Nigeria |
S. mulayanum, S. alatum |
|
3 |
Sunflower |
Helianthus annuus |
North America |
2n=34 |
Russia, Ukraine, Argentina, USA, India |
H. petiolaris, H. maximiliani |
|
4 |
Soybean |
Glycine max |
China |
2n=40 |
USA, Brazil, China, Argentina, India |
G. soja |
|
5 |
Rapeseed/Mustard |
Brassica spp. |
Mediterranean, Central Asia |
Variable |
Canada, China, India, Europe, Australia |
B. rapa, B. nigra |
|
6 |
Castor |
Ricinus communis |
East Africa (Ethiopia) |
2n=20 |
India, China, Brazil, Thailand, Ethiopia |
R. communis var. minor |
|
7 |
Linseed (Flax) |
Linum usitatissimum |
Mediterranean |
2n=30 |
Canada, China, India, Russia, USA |
L. bienne, L. angustifolium |
|
8 |
Safflower |
Carthamus tinctorius |
Afghanistan, Ethiopia |
2n=24 |
India, Mexico, USA, Australia, China |
C. oxyacanthus, C. palaestinus |
|
9 |
Coconut |
Cocos nucifera |
Indo-Malayan Region |
Not fixed |
Indonesia, Philippines, India, Brazil, Sri Lanka |
C. nucifera var. aurantiaca |
|
10 |
Olive |
Olea europaea |
Mediterranean Basin |
2n=46 |
Spain, Italy, Greece, Turkey, Morocco |
O. europaea subsp. sylvestris |
Fiber Crops
|
Sr. No. |
Crop |
Botanical Name |
Centre of Origin |
Chromosome Number |
Distribution of Species |
Wild Relatives |
|
1 |
Cotton (Upland) |
Gossypium hirsutum |
Central America (Mexico) |
2n=52 |
China, India, USA, Pakistan, Brazil |
G. raimondii, G. trilobum |
|
2 |
Cotton (Egyptian) |
Gossypium barbadense |
South America (Peru) |
2n=52 |
Egypt, USA, Peru, Sudan, Turkmenistan |
G. darwinii, G. tomentosum |
|
3 |
Jute (White) |
Corchorus capsularis |
Indo-Burma Region |
2n=14 |
India, Bangladesh, China, Thailand, Brazil |
C. aestuans, C. trilocularis |
|
4 |
Jute (Tossa) |
Corchorus olitorius |
Africa (Sudan) |
2n=14 |
India, Bangladesh, China, Thailand, Brazil |
C. fascicularis, C. tridens |
|
5 |
Hemp |
Cannabis sativa |
Central Asia |
2n=20 |
China, Canada, France, USA, Russia |
C. ruderalis, C. indica |
|
6 |
Flax |
Linum usitatissimum |
Mediterranean |
2n=30 |
Canada, China, India, Russia, USA |
L. bienne, L. angustifolium |
|
7 |
Sunn Hemp |
Crotalaria juncea |
India |
2n=16 |
India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Brazil, Kenya |
C. verrucosa, C. spectabilis |
|
8 |
Ramie |
Boehmeria nivea |
China |
2n=28 |
China, Brazil, Philippines, India, South Korea |
B. platanifolia, B. japonica |
|
9 |
Sisal |
Agave sisalana |
Central America (Mexico) |
Not fixed |
Brazil, Tanzania, Kenya, Madagascar, China |
A. angustifolia, A. fourcroydes |
|
10 |
Coir (Coconut Fiber) |
Cocos nucifera |
Indo-Malayan Region |
Not fixed |
Indonesia, Philippines, India, Sri Lanka, Brazil |
C. nucifera var. aurantiaca |
